P0335 Code: Diagnosing Crankshaft Position Sensor Issues on Nissan Vehicles

Encountering a P0335 error code on your Nissan can be frustrating, leading to engine performance problems and dashboard warning lights. This code, indicating a malfunction in the Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKP) “A” Circuit, can stem from various issues, and a systematic approach is crucial for effective diagnosis and repair. Let’s delve into the complexities of the P0335 code, exploring potential causes, symptoms, and troubleshooting steps.

Understanding the P0335 Code

The P0335 diagnostic trouble code signals that your vehicle’s Engine Control Unit (ECU) is not receiving a consistent or accurate signal from the Crankshaft Position Sensor. This sensor plays a vital role in engine management, monitoring the crankshaft’s position and rotational speed. This information is essential for fuel injection timing, ignition timing, and overall engine synchronization. When the ECU detects an anomaly in the CKP sensor circuit, it triggers the P0335 code, often accompanied by noticeable drivability issues.

Common Symptoms Associated with P0335

When the P0335 code arises, you might experience a range of symptoms, including:

• Engine Sputtering or Hesitation: Inconsistent crankshaft signals can disrupt fuel and ignition timing, leading to engine misfires and a sputtering sensation, especially under acceleration.
• Reduced Engine Power: The ECU may limit engine power to protect the engine from potential damage caused by inaccurate sensor readings. This can manifest as an inability to rev past a certain RPM, like 3500 RPM as mentioned in a user case.
• Hard Starting or No Start Condition: In severe cases, a faulty CKP sensor signal can prevent the engine from starting altogether, as the ECU cannot properly synchronize engine functions.
• Traction Control Light and Power Steering Issues: As seen in some instances, seemingly unrelated systems like traction control and power steering can be affected due to the engine management system’s reliance on accurate crankshaft position data.
• Check Engine Light: The most immediate indicator is the illumination of the check engine light on your dashboard.

Investigating the Root Cause of P0335: A Troubleshooting Journey

Pinpointing the exact cause of a P0335 code requires a methodical diagnostic process. One vehicle owner’s experience highlights a typical troubleshooting sequence:

Initial Problem: A 2010 Nissan Touring Sport (AT) experienced a cracked flexplate, which was replaced. Months later, the vehicle developed new issues: sputtering, inability to rev past 3500 RPM, traction control light activation, and a P0335 error code.

Troubleshooting Steps and Observations:

1. Aftermarket Sensor Replacement: The initial step was replacing the Crankshaft Position Sensor with an aftermarket part. While the car started, the P0335 code reappeared once the engine warmed up, and performance remained poor.
2. “Washer Spacing” Attempt: Based on online forum suggestions, a washer was used to space the aftermarket sensor slightly further from the flexplate. This provided a temporary improvement of about 30 minutes before the P0335 error returned.
3. OEM Sensor Installation: Suspecting the aftermarket sensor’s quality, an OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) sensor was installed. However, this resulted in prolonged cranking times and the immediate reappearance of the P0335 code.
4. Multiple OEM Sensor Tests: To rule out a faulty OEM sensor, multiple OEM sensors were tested, including new sensors from Nissan and Z1 Motorsports, and even a known good sensor from another vehicle. All OEM sensors exhibited the same issue: extended cranking and immediate P0335 error.
5. Wiring Inspection: Utilizing the Nissan factory service manual, a thorough wiring inspection was conducted to check for shorts, opens, or damage in the CKP sensor circuit. The wiring checked out as normal.
6. Flexplate Re-Examination: Despite replacing the flexplate previously, the possibility of a flexplate issue resurfacing was considered. A visual inspection of the flexplate, after transmission removal, revealed no apparent damage. However, a new flexplate was ordered as a precautionary measure.

Potential Causes Beyond the Sensor Itself:

While the Crankshaft Position Sensor is the component directly implicated by the P0335 code, the issue may lie elsewhere in the system. Possible culprits include:

• Faulty Crankshaft Position Sensor: Despite using OEM parts, a sensor could still be defective.
• Wiring Issues: Although wiring was checked, intermittent faults or subtle damage can be challenging to detect.
• Flexplate/Reluctor Ring Damage: The CKP sensor reads teeth or slots on the flexplate’s reluctor ring. Damage or misalignment here can disrupt the sensor signal.
• ECU Malfunction: In rare cases, the ECU itself might be misinterpreting sensor signals or have internal faults.
• Timing Chain/Belt Issues: Problems with engine timing can affect crankshaft and camshaft synchronization, potentially triggering a P0335 code in some scenarios (though less common).

Moving Forward with Diagnosis

The case described highlights the importance of systematic troubleshooting. Before replacing more parts, consider these steps:

• Verify Sensor Circuit Integrity: Re-examine the wiring harness, connectors, and sensor pigtail for any signs of damage, corrosion, or loose connections. Use a multimeter to check for continuity, voltage, and ground as per the vehicle’s service manual.
• Inspect the Flexplate Reluctor Ring: Carefully examine the flexplate’s reluctor ring for any bent, missing, or damaged teeth. Ensure it is properly aligned and secured.
• Consider Signal Interference: In rare instances, strong electromagnetic interference can disrupt sensor signals. Check for aftermarket accessories or wiring modifications that might be causing interference.
• Advanced Diagnostics: Use an oscilloscope to visualize the CKP sensor signal waveform. This can reveal signal dropouts, noise, or inconsistencies not detectable with a standard multimeter.
• ECU Testing/Replacement (Last Resort): If all other possibilities are exhausted, ECU malfunction could be considered, although ECU issues are less frequent than sensor or wiring problems.

Conclusion:

The P0335 code signals a problem within the Crankshaft Position Sensor circuit, but the root cause can be multifaceted. A thorough diagnostic approach, moving beyond simple sensor replacement, is essential for resolving this issue effectively. By systematically checking wiring, the flexplate, and employing advanced diagnostic tools when necessary, you can pinpoint the true source of the P0335 code and restore your Nissan’s engine performance.