Understanding your Ford’s On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD2) system is crucial for effective vehicle maintenance and repair. The OBD2 port, typically located under the dashboard, serves as the gateway to your car’s computer, allowing mechanics and DIY enthusiasts to read diagnostic trouble codes, access live data, and perform various tests. A fundamental aspect of utilizing this port is knowing the Ford Obd2 Pinout. This article will break down the pin configuration and its significance for Ford vehicles, ensuring you have a solid understanding for your diagnostic endeavors.
Decoding the Ford OBD2 Connector Pinout
The OBD2 connector is a standardized 16-pin interface, but knowing the specific function of each pin, especially within the Ford ecosystem, is vital. Below is a detailed breakdown of the Ford OBD2 pinout, outlining the signal, circuit, and description for each relevant pin:
| Pin | Signal | Circuit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | J1850 Bus+ / SCP Bus | 914 (TN/OG) | SAE J1850 Positive Bus (PWM or VPW) – Used in older Fords |
| 3 | Medium speed CAN+ or UBP bus | 2180 (WH/BK) or 1906 (VT) | Medium Speed CAN Bus (+) – For body and comfort systems in some models |
| 4 | CGND | 57(BK) | Chassis Ground |
| 5 | SGND | 570(BK/WH) | Signal Ground |
| 6 | CAN High | 1827(WH/LB) | CAN High (ISO 15765-4 & SAE J2284) – High-speed communication bus |
| 7 | K-LINE | 70(LB/WH) | K-Line (ISO 9141-2 & ISO 14230-4) – For engine and transmission diagnostics in older vehicles |
| 10 | J1850 Bus- | 915(PK/LB) | SAE J1850 Negative Bus (PWM or VPW) – Used in older Fords |
| 11 | Medium speed CAN- | 2181(BK/YE) | Medium Speed CAN Bus (-) – For body and comfort systems in some models |
| 13 | PCM | 107(P) / 107(VT) | Powertrain Control Module Programming Signal – For module flashing |
| 14 | CAN Low | 1828 (PK/LG) | CAN Low (ISO 15765-4 & SAE J2284) – High-speed communication bus |
| 16 | +12v | 40(LB/WH) | Battery Power (+12V) |
Understanding these pins is crucial when connecting diagnostic tools to your Ford vehicle. Pins 4 and 5 provide the necessary ground, while pin 16 supplies power to the diagnostic tool. Pins 6 and 14 are essential for vehicles using the CAN (Controller Area Network) protocol, which is prevalent in modern Fords for high-speed data communication. Older Ford models might utilize pins 2 and 10 for the J1850 communication protocol, or pin 7 for the K-Line protocol.
Image alt text: OBD2 ISO 9141-2 cable pinout diagram illustrating the connections for a simple serial OBD2 cable.
Ford OBD2 Compatibility Across Models and Years
Ford transitioned through different OBD2 protocols over the years. Knowing the compatibility for your specific Ford model is important for selecting the right diagnostic tool and communication protocol. Here’s a compatibility list, though it’s important to note that this is not exhaustive and may vary based on specific vehicle configurations:
| Model | Engine | Year (starting from) | OBD-2 Protocol |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ford Aerostar | 1997 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Ba falcon | XR6 Turbo, Gasoline (320HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| Ford C-Max | Gasoline (124 HP) | 2006 | CAN |
| Ford C-Max [MK2] | Gasoline (124 HP) | 2006 | CAN |
| Ford Connect | 1.8TDCI, Diesel (121 HP) | 2005 | |
| Ford Contour | 2, Gasoline (120HP) | 1996 | PWM |
| 1999 | PWM J1850 | ||
| Ford Cougar | V6, Gasoline (168 HP) | 1999 | |
| 2.5 V6, Gasoline (170HP) | 1999 | PWM | |
| Ford E150 | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford E350 | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Escort | 1998 | PWM J1850 | |
| Diesel (89 HP) | 1998 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Escort Kombi | Gasoline (89 HP) | 1997 | |
| Ford Escort MK7 | Gasoline (114 HP) | 1995 | PWM J1850 |
| Ford Escort Van | Gasoline (82 HP) | 1998 | |
| Ford Expedition | 1998 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Explorer | Gasoline (208 HP) | 1995 | PWM J1850 |
| 1998 | PWM J1850 | ||
| 2000 | PWM J1850 | ||
| 4, Gasoline (205HP) | 2001 | PWM | |
| Ford F150 | 1997 | PWM J1850 | |
| 2003 | PWM J1850 | ||
| 4.6, Gasoline (300HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford F150 (truck) | 1999 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford F150 (van) | 1999 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford F250 | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Fairmont | 4, Gasoline (266HP) | 2008 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| Ford Falcon | 6 cyl, Gasoline (247HP) | 2003 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| v8, Gasoline (353HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 4.0L Turbo, Gasoline (365HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Boss 5.4, Gasoline (388HP) | 2008 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 4.0l, Gasoline or LPG (155HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford Fiesta | 1.4, Gasoline (90HP) | 1996 | PWM |
| 1997 | PWM J1850 | ||
| Diesel (60 HP) | 1997 | – | |
| 1.25, Gasoline (74 HP) | 1997 | ||
| MK4, Gasoline (60 HP) | 1997 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.2, Gasoline (90HP) | 1998 | PWM | |
| 1.2, Gasoline (75HP) | 1999 | PWM | |
| Gasoline (60 HP) | 2000 | ||
| 1.6 16V, Gasoline (102 HP) | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.8tddi, Diesel (74 HP) | 2001 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.3 endura, Gasoline (60HP) | 2001 | PWM | |
| 1.4 TDCI, Diesel (68 HP) | 2002 | ||
| 1.4 TDCI, Diesel (68 HP) | 2002 | ||
| 1.4, Gasoline (60HP) | 2002 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.4, Gasoline (80HP) | 2002 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Gasoline (80 HP) | 2003 | CAN | |
| 1,4, Gasoline (80 HP) | 2003 | CAN | |
| 1.4 tdCI, Diesel (68HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.3, Gasoline (70HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.6, Gasoline (100HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.3, Gasoline (75HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.0 Duratec, Gasoline (150HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| MK6.5, Diesel (90 HP) | 2006 | CAN | |
| 1.6 TdCi, Diesel (90HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.4 tdCi, Diesel (68HP) | 2009 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.6, Gasoline (120HP) | 2009 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.6 tdCi, Diesel (95HP) | 2010 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Gasoline (50 HP) | 1999 | PWM J1850 | |
| Gasoline (102 HP) | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| MK6, Diesel (68 HP) | 2005 | CAN | |
| Ford Focus | Gasoline (74 HP) | 1999 | PWM J1850 |
| 1999 | PWM J1850 | ||
| Gasoline (100 HP) | 1999 | VPW J1850 | |
| Gasoline (100 HP) | 1999 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.6, Gasoline (100HP) | 1999 | PWM | |
| 2, Gasoline (130HP) | 1999 | PWM | |
| 1.8, Gasoline (114 HP) | 2000 | ||
| TDDI Turnier, Diesel (89 HP) | 2000 | ||
| 1.6 16V, Gasoline (100HP) | 2000 | PWM | |
| 1.8 TDCI, Diesel (114 HP) | 2001 | ||
| 1.8 TDCI, Diesel (114 HP) | 2001 | ||
| 1.4 16V, Gasoline (75HP) | 2001 | PWM | |
| Gasoline (100 HP) | 2002 | PWM J1850 | |
| 2002 | PWM J1850 | ||
| Gasoline (171 HP) | 2003 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.8 TDDI , Diesel (89 HP) | 2003 | ||
| 1.8 tdCi, Diesel (100HP) | 2003 | PWM | |
| 1.6 tdCi, Diesel (110HP) | 2003 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2, Gasoline (215HP) | 2003 | PWM | |
| Diesel (114 HP) | 2004 | VPW J1850 | |
| 1.6 tdCi, Diesel (90HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.6 tdCi, Diesel (120HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.8 16v, Gasoline (122HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.0 tdCi, Diesel (136HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Gasoline (121 HP) | 2005 | ||
| Diesel (148 HP) | 2005 | CAN | |
| 1.6 TI VTI, Gasoline (110HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.8 tdCi, Diesel (115HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.5 Turbo, Gasoline (274HP) | 2006 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.4, Gasoline (80HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.8 tdCi, Diesel (115HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.0 tdCi, Diesel (90HP) | 2008 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.5, Gasoline (225HP) | 2010 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Gasoline (104 HP) | 2011 | ||
| 1.6 tdCi, Diesel (110HP) | 2011 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.6 SCTI, Gasoline (152HP) | 2011 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.5 turbo, Gasoline (305HP) | 2011 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Gasoline (100 HP) | 2002 | ||
| Diesel (135 HP) | 2005 | ||
| Ford Focus II | 1,6 Ti-VCT, Gasoline (114 HP) | 2005 | CAN |
| Ford Focus CC | Gasoline (143 HP) | 2007 | |
| Ford focus C-max | Diesel (141 HP) | 2005 | |
| 1,6, Diesel (108 HP) | 2006 | CAN | |
| Ford Focus MK1 Face Lift | 1.8 TDCI, Diesel (114 HP) | 2003 | |
| Ford Focus Mk2 | Diesel (147 HP) | 2005 | |
| Ford Focus ST | Gasoline (223 HP) | 2006 | CAN |
| Ford Focus ST + Tuning | Gasoline (282 HP) | 2006 | CAN |
| Ford Focus ST170 | Gasoline (171 HP) | 2002 | PWM J1850 |
| Gasoline (165 HP) | 2003 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Focus SVT | 2002 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Focus Turnier | TDDi, Diesel (89 HP) | 1999 | |
| TDDI, Diesel (74 HP) | 2001 | ||
| 1.6l Zetec, Gasoline (100 HP) | 2002 | ||
| Ford FPV GT-P | 5.4 V8, Gasoline (400HP) | 2006 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| Ford Fusion | Diesel (68 HP) | 2002 | |
| 1.6, Gasoline (100HP) | 2003 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.4 tdCi, Diesel (68HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 1.6 tdCi, Diesel (90HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Diesel (81 HP) | 2005 | ||
| 1,4 TDCI, Diesel (68 HP) | 2005 | ||
| 1.4, Gasoline (80HP) | 2009 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford Galaxy | Gasoline (114 HP) | 1995 | |
| Diesel (109 HP) | 1995 | KW 2000 VAG | |
| Gasoline (114 HP) | 1995 | PWM J1850 | |
| Gasoline (114 HP) | 1997 | ||
| Gasoline (114 HP) | 1998 | KW 1281 | |
| Gasoline (144 HP) | 1999 | PWM J1850 | |
| Diesel (89 HP) | 1999 | PWM J1850 | |
| Diesel (109 HP) | 1999 | ISO 9141-2 | |
| Gasoline (144 HP) | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| TDI PD, Diesel (114 HP) | 2000 | ISO 9141-2 | |
| VR6, Gasoline (202 HP) | 2001 | ISO 9141-2 | |
| 1.9l TDI, Diesel (114 HP) | 2002 | KW 1281 | |
| Diesel (114 HP) | 2003 | ||
| tdi, Diesel (130HP) | 2003 | ISO 9141 | |
| 1.9 TDI, Diesel (114 HP) | 2005 | ||
| Ford Galaxy II | 1.8 tdCi, Diesel (125HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| Ford KA | Gasoline (60 HP) | 1997 | PWM J1850 |
| Gasoline (60 HP) | 1997 | PWM J1850 | |
| Gasoline (60 HP) | 1997 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.3i, Gasoline (90HP) | 1998 | PWM | |
| Gasoline (60 HP) | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.3i, Gasoline (60HP) | 2000 | PWM | |
| Gasoline (119 HP) | 2006 | PWM J1850 | |
| Gasoline (60 HP) | 2007 | CAN | |
| 1.2, Gasoline (69HP) | 2010 | CAN 29bit | |
| Ford KA Endura | E 1.3, Gasoline (60 HP) | 1997 | PWM J1850 |
| Ford Kuga | 2.5T, Gasoline (220HP) | 2009 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| Diesel (139 HP) | 2010 | CAN | |
| TdCi, Diesel (140HP) | 2011 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford M350 | 2.2 TdCi, Diesel (130HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| Ford Maverick Mk2 | Gasoline (202 HP) | 2005 | |
| Ford Mercury | 4.6, Gasoline (280HP) | 1999 | PWM |
| Ford Mondeo | Diesel (74 HP) | 1994 | |
| Gasoline (88 HP) | 1994 | ||
| Gasoline (114 HP) | 1998 | PWM J1850 | |
| Gasoline (129 HP) | 1998 | ||
| 2.5i V6, Gasoline (168 HP) | 1998 | PWM J1850 | |
| 2, Gasoline (131HP) | 1998 | PWM | |
| V6, Gasoline (205HP) | 2000 | PWM | |
| 1.8 tunier , Gasoline (109 HP) | 2001 | PWM J1850 | |
| Duratec-HE, Gasoline (144 HP) | 2001 | PWM J1850 | |
| 2, Gasoline (110HP) | 2001 | PWM | |
| 2.5 L V6, Gasoline (170HP) | 2001 | PWM | |
| TDCi , Diesel (129 HP) | 2002 | ||
| 3L V6, Gasoline (226HP) | 2002 | PWM | |
| (duratec HE 2L), Gasoline (144 HP) | 2003 | PWM J1850 | |
| (duratec HE 2L), Gasoline (144 HP) | 2003 | PWM J1850 | |
| TDCI, Diesel (129 HP) | 2003 | ||
| 2.0 HDi, Diesel (115HP) | 2003 | PWM | |
| 2.0 tdCi, Diesel (130HP) | 2003 | ISO 9141 | |
| Diesel (114 HP) | 2004 | – | |
| TDCI, Diesel (114 HP) | 2004 | ||
| TDCI Turnier, Diesel (153 HP) | 2005 | PWM J1850 | |
| 2.0 tdCi, Diesel (130HP) | 2005 | PWM | |
| Gasoline (218 HP) | 2007 | ||
| 2.0 TDCI, Diesel (129 HP) | 2007 | VPW J1850 | |
| 1.8 tdCi, Diesel (125HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Diesel (139 HP) | 2008 | ||
| 2, Diesel (145HP) | 2008 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford Mondeo Kombi | TDCI, Diesel (129 HP) | 2002 | |
| Ford Mondeo MK II | Gasoline (89 HP) | 1997 | PWM J1850 |
| Ford Mondeo MK3 | V6 2,5, Gasoline (168 HP) | 2001 | PWM J1850 |
| Ford Mondeo MK3 Turnier | TDDI, Diesel (114 HP) | 2002 | |
| Ford Mondeo Tournier | Gasoline (144 HP) | 2008 | CAN |
| Duratec HE 1.8, Gasoline (121 HP) | 2001 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Mondo | TDCi, Diesel (129 HP) | 2002 | |
| Ford Mustang | 1998 | PWM J1850 | |
| 4, Gasoline (214HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| V8 4.6, Gasoline (300HP) | 2006 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford Mustang GT | Gasoline (290 HP) | 1996 | PWM J1850 |
| V8, Gasoline (301 HP) | 2008 | CAN | |
| Ford Probe | 1997 | ISO 14230-4, ISO 9141-2 | |
| Ford Probe GT | 2.5L V6, Gasoline (190HP) | 1997 | ISO 9141 |
| Ford Puma | Gasoline (124 HP) | 1999 | PWM J1850 |
| 1.7, Gasoline (125HP) | 1999 | PWM | |
| Gasoline (89 HP) | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| 1.7L 16V, Gasoline (155HP) | 2000 | PWM | |
| 1.7 16v, Gasoline (125HP) | 2001 | PWM | |
| Ford Ranger | 1995 | PWM J1850 | |
| 4, Gasoline (145HP) | 1999 | PWM | |
| 2002 | PWM J1850 | ||
| Diesel (141 HP) | 2009 | CAN | |
| Diesel (141 HP) | 2010 | CAN | |
| Ford Ranger 4×4 Pickup | 2000 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Scorpio | Gasoline (204 HP) | 1995 | PWM J1850 |
| 24V, Gasoline (204 HP) | 1995 | PWM J1850 | |
| 2,3 Ghia, Gasoline (145 HP) | 1997 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford S-Max | Diesel (114 HP) | 2008 | CAN |
| 2.0 tdCI, Diesel (140HP) | 2008 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford Taurus | 1996 | PWM J1850 | |
| 2001 | PWM J1850 | ||
| Ford tdi galaxy | Diesel (114 HP) | 2000 | |
| Ford Territory | 4.0 6 Cyl., Gasoline (244HP) | 2004 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| 6 cylinder, Gasoline or LPG (255HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford Thunderbird LX | 1997 | PWM J1850 | |
| Ford Torneo | 1.8, Diesel (90HP) | 2006 | PWM |
| Ford Tourneo/Connect | Diesel (89 HP) | 2007 | |
| Ford Transit | 2.0i DOHC, Gasoline (100HP) | 2000 | PWM |
| 2.0 tdCI, Diesel (110HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.2 tdCi, Diesel (85HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.2 TdCi, Diesel (130HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.4 tdCI, Diesel (140HP) | 2007 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.2 TdCi, Diesel (115HP) | 2008 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| 2.2tdCi, Diesel (140HP) | 2012 | CAN 11bit (500kb) | |
| Ford Transit Connect | Diesel (121 HP) | 2005 | |
| 1,8 TDCI, Diesel (89 HP) | 2007 | ||
| Ford Transit Euroline | Diesel (100 HP) | 2001 | |
| Ford Trend | 1.6 TdCi, Diesel (110HP) | 2005 | CAN 11bit (500kb) |
| Ford Windstar | 1995 | PWM J1850 |
This table highlights the evolution of OBD2 protocols in Ford vehicles. Notably:
- 1996 – 2001: Ford primarily used J1850-PWM.
- 2002 – 2006: Transition period with J1850-PWM or CAN protocols being used, depending on the model.
- After 2006: Ford largely adopted CAN as the standard OBD2 protocol.
When diagnosing your Ford, especially models from the transition years, it’s crucial to verify the correct OBD2 protocol to ensure compatibility with your diagnostic tool.
Image alt text: OBD2 J1850 PWM cable pinout diagram detailing the wiring for J1850 PWM and VPW serial ELM327 OBD2 cables.
OBD-II Cable Schemes and Further Resources
For those building their own diagnostic cables or needing to understand the wiring configurations, here are some helpful OBD-II cable schemes:
- OBD-2 ISO 9141-2 (14230-4, KWP2000) simple serial cable: Link to pinoutguide.com
- OBD-2 J1850 PWM, J1850 VPW serial ELM327 cable: Link to pinoutguide.com
- OBD-2 universal ISO 15765-4 CAN, SAE J1850 PWM, SAE J1850 VPW, ISO 9141-2, ISO 14230-4 and SAE J1939 diagnostic cable: Link to pinoutguide.com
These resources provide visual guides to the wiring of different OBD2 cable types, catering to various communication protocols.
Image alt text: OBD2 universal cable pinout diagram showcasing the connections for a comprehensive OBD2 diagnostic cable supporting multiple protocols including CAN, J1850, ISO 9141, and SAE J1939.
Conclusion
Having a clear understanding of the Ford OBD2 pinout and compatibility is a significant advantage for anyone working on Ford vehicles. Whether you’re a professional mechanic or a car owner keen on DIY diagnostics, this knowledge empowers you to effectively interface with your vehicle’s computer system. By referencing this guide, you can confidently navigate Ford’s OBD2 system and ensure accurate and efficient vehicle diagnostics and maintenance.
